You still perform damage calculation with “Spirit Barrier” even though the damage to the controller’s Life Points becomes zero.
If you have 1 monster on the field, and “Airknight Parshath” attack and destroys it, and would do extra damage, there is still a monster on the field when “Airknight Parshath”’s effect would activate and resolve, so “Spirit Barrier”’s effect is applied, “Airknight Parshath” inflicts zero damage to your Life Points, and your opponent does not draw 1 card for “Airknight Parshath”’s effect.